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Glossary of Fastener Terminology
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Waisted Shank Bolt:
A bolt whose diameter is less than the minor
diameter of the thread. Frequently the shank of the
bolt is 0.9 times the root diameter.
Washer: A washer is a part
usually thin, having a centrally located hole or
partial slot. The washer performs various functions
when assembled between the bearing surface of a
fastener and the part being attached. Insulation,
lubrication, spanning of large clearance holes, and
improved stress distribution are a few design uses.
Washer Face:
A
washer face is a circular boss on the bearing
surface of a bolt or nut.
Width Across Corners:
The width across corners of hexagon, square, or
rectangular shaped fasteners is the distance
measured perpendicular to the axis of the fastener
from the intersection of two sides to the
intersection of the two opposite sides.
Width Across Flats: The width across flats of
hexagon or square heads of fasteners is the distance
measured perpendicular to the fastener axis across
opposite sides of the fastener.
Wire Thread Insert:
A threaded insert that is typically used for
tapped hole repair or to improve the thread
stripping strength of softer metals such as zinc and
aluminum. The inserts are assembled into a
previously tapped hole using a special driving tool.
A thread locking compound is frequently used to
secure the insert if the assembly is subject to
vibration.
Work Hardening: Work hardening is the
increase in hardness, and hence strength, resulting
from plastic deformation at a temperature below the
re-crystallization range. Sometimes called Strain
Hardening.
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